The technology that underpins smart grid systems for energy management typically involves IoT (Internet of Things) devices, data analytics, and advanced communication networks. Smart grids integrate digital technology into traditional electrical grids, enabling real-time monitoring and control of energy consumption. This enhances efficiency, reduces outages, and optimizes resource distribution. By leveraging renewable energy sources and enabling two-way communication between utilities and consumers, smart grids contribute to a more sustainable and responsive energy system.