The term for hacking a system to discover its vulnerabilities is called penetration testing or pentesting. This systematic approach involves simulating cyber attacks to identify weaknesses within a network, system, or application. Pentesters use various tools and techniques to assess the security measures in place, helping organizations understand potential risks and improve their defenses. By discovering and addressing vulnerabilities before malicious hackers can exploit them, penetration testing plays a vital role in enhancing cybersecurity and safeguarding sensitive data.