UX research plays a critical role in product design by ensuring that user needs are understood and addressed throughout the development process. It involves studying user behavior, preferences, and pain points through various methods, such as surveys, interviews, and usability testing. The insights gained from UX research inform design decisions, helping create intuitive, accessible, and user-centered products. By focusing on user experience, companies can enhance satisfaction, boost retention rates, and increase the likelihood of success for their products in competitive markets.