The function of a battery management system (BMS) in electric vehicles (EVs) is to monitor and manage the battery pack's performance, ensuring safety and optimal functioning. A BMS performs functions such as voltage regulation, temperature monitoring, and state of charge estimation to extend battery life and enhance performance. Additionally, it protects against overcharging, deep discharging, and thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety and reliability of electric vehicles. A well-designed BMS is crucial for maximizing the EV's efficiency and range.