A smart grid is an advanced energy management system that utilizes digital technology to enhance the efficiency, reliability, and sustainability of electricity distribution. It enables two-way communication between energy suppliers and consumers, allowing for real-time monitoring and control of energy consumption. Smart grids incorporate renewable energy sources, automation, and data analytics to optimize the use of resources and reduce wastage. This innovative framework improves energy management, promotes resilience against disruptions, and supports the transition to cleaner energy.