The term "smart grid" refers to an advanced energy management system that uses digital technology to enhance the reliability, efficiency, and interoperability of electricity distribution. It integrates communication networks, sensors, and smart meters to facilitate real-time monitoring and management of power consumption. This enables grid operators to respond quickly to outages, manage energy loads effectively, and incorporate renewable energy sources. Ultimately, the smart grid empowers consumers with enhanced control over their energy usage, promotes sustainability, and optimizes resource allocation across the energy landscape.