A data breach refers to an incident where unauthorized individuals gain access to sensitive or confidential information within an organization's systems. This access can expose personal data, financial records, and proprietary information, potentially leading to significant repercussions such as identity theft, financial loss, and damage to an organization's reputation. Data breaches can occur due to various reasons, including cyberattacks, human error, or inadequate security measures. Organizations must implement robust security protocols and respond quickly to mitigate the risks associated with a breach, including notifying affected individuals and regulatory bodies.