Quantum computers differ from classical computers in their processing ability due to their use of qubits, which can represent multiple states simultaneously through the principles of quantum superposition. While classical computers use binary bits (0s and 1s), quantum computers leverage entanglement and interference to perform complex calculations much faster. This allows them to tackle problems deemed intractable for conventional machines, particularly in fields such as cryptography, optimization, and material science. Their unique capabilities signify a major leap in computational power.