The study of infectious diseases and the immune response is called immunology. This branch of biomedical science explores how the immune system recognizes and combats pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Immunology also investigates vaccine development, the mechanisms of immune disorders, and ways to enhance the body’s defense against diseases. Understanding immunology is crucial not only for treating and preventing infections but also for advancing therapeutic strategies for conditions like autoimmune diseases and allergies. Its applications extend to public health and epidemiology.