The significance of using isotopes in medicine is prominent in diagnostic imaging and treatment. Radioactive isotopes are often utilized in nuclear medicine for imaging techniques like PET scans, which help visualize metabolic processes in real-time. Therapeutically, isotopes can be used in treatments, such as with iodine-131 for thyroid issues. Their ability to target specific tissues makes isotopes valuable tools in both diagnostics and treatment, providing insights into health conditions and improving patient care.