The scientific study of the structure and properties of rocks is known as geology. Geology encompasses the examination of rock formation, classification, and the processes that shape the Earth's structure over time. This field also investigates the history of the Earth, its materials, and the forces that have influenced its development, such as plate tectonics and erosion. Geologists play a crucial role in resource exploration, environmental management, and understanding natural hazards, making their contributions vital for sustainable land use and development.