The role of natural selection in population dynamics is to promote the survival and reproduction of individuals with advantageous traits. Through environmental pressures, such as predation or resource availability, certain traits become more common in a population over time, while disadvantageous traits may diminish. This process leads to changes in allele frequencies, fostering adaptation to specific habitats or conditions. Natural selection also contributes to evolutionary changes, influencing speciation events and shaping genetic diversity within populations. Understanding this principle is fundamental for studying evolutionary biology.