The relevance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in evolutionary studies lies in its maternal inheritance and relatively high mutation rates, making it a valuable tool for tracing lineage and understanding evolutionary relationships. Researchers utilize mtDNA to determine phylogenetics and genetic diversity among populations. Its analysis can reveal insights into speciation processes, population migrations, and adaptations to environment changes. mtDNA studies have also contributed to conservation efforts by identifying genetic diversity within endangered species, which is crucial for effective management and preservation strategies.