The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem productivity is significant as diverse ecosystems typically show higher productivity levels. Greater diversity allows for more efficient resource use and improved resilience against environmental changes. Diverse species contribute to various ecosystem functions, such as nutrient cycling, pollination, and habitat creation, which enhance overall ecosystem health. Protecting biodiversity is essential for maintaining ecosystem services, which are critical for human well-being and sustainable development. Thus, understanding this relationship is key to formulating conservation strategies that promote both biodiversity and productivity.