The process by which animals adapt to their environment over generations is called evolution. This occurs through mechanisms like natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits to subsequent generations. Evolution can lead to changes in physical, behavioral, and physiological characteristics, enabling species to better cope with environmental pressures. Over long periods, these adaptations can result in the formation of new species. Evolution is a fundamental concept in biology, helping explain biodiversity and species interactions.