The primary role of fertilizer applications in crop production is to enhance soil fertility and promote plant growth. Fertilizers provide essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are critical for processes like photosynthesis, root development, and overall yield. While fertilizers can significantly increase productivity, improper use can lead to environmental issues such as nutrient runoff, contributing to water pollution and harming aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, balanced and strategic fertilizer use is essential for sustainable agricultural practices.