The primary function of aerobic respiration in living organisms is to convert glucose into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of cells. During this metabolic process, oxygen is utilized to oxidize glucose, producing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. This process enables organisms to harness energy from food, supporting essential functions such as growth, maintenance, and reproduction. Thus, aerobic respiration is vital for the energy needs of complex life forms, ensuring their survival and functionality.