The primary challenge of managing forest ecosystems in a changing climate is balancing conservation efforts with the need for sustainable resource use. Climate change introduces uncertainty regarding species distributions, disturbance regimes, and forest health, making it difficult to predict outcomes. Additionally, pressures from logging, agriculture, and urban development create competing demands on forest resources. Managers must adopt adaptive strategies that account for climate variability and promote resilience, ensuring forests continue to provide ecological, economic, and social benefits amidst ongoing environmental changes.