The natural process that leads to the formation of soil from rocks is called weathering. Weathering is primarily driven by physical factors like temperature fluctuations, water erosion, and biological activity. Over time, these factors break down parent rock material into smaller particles, which combine with organic matter, gases, and microorganisms to create soil. This process is vital for supporting plant life and contributes to ecosystem health. It is also influenced by climate, topography, and time, determining the characteristics of the resulting soil type and its fertility.