The main function of the human pancreas is to regulate blood sugar levels by producing hormones, primarily insulin and glucagon. Insulin lowers blood sugar levels by facilitating glucose uptake into cells, while glucagon raises blood sugar levels by stimulating glucose release from the liver. Additionally, the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes, aiding in the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the small intestine. This dual role as an endocrine and exocrine gland is crucial for maintaining metabolic homeostasis.