Succession in ecology refers to the natural process by which ecosystems change and develop over time, leading to a more structured community. It occurs in two main forms: primary succession, which begins in barren environments like lava flows or bare rock, and secondary succession, which occurs in previously populated areas after a disturbance, such as fire or flood. Succession involves stages of colonization by different species, ultimately leading to a stable climax community. Understanding succession is essential for conservation and restoration ecology.