A data set in scientific research refers to a structured collection of related data points gathered during experiments or observations. These data points can represent measurements, observations, or responses relevant to a specific research question. Data sets allow researchers to analyze trends, test hypotheses, and verify theories through statistical methods. They can be quantitative (numerical) or qualitative (descriptive) and may come from a variety of sources, including field studies, laboratory experiments, or public databases. Proper management of data sets is essential for accurate analysis and reproducibility of research results.