The main challenges in managing natural resources sustainably include balancing economic growth with environmental conservation. Overexploitation of resources, such as water, forests, and fisheries, often leads to habitat degradation and biodiversity loss. Climate change and its effects exacerbate these challenges, necessitating adaptive management strategies. Furthermore, addressing inequities and fostering cooperation among stakeholders, including governments, businesses, and communities, is crucial. Effective education and policy frameworks also play a significant role in promoting sustainable practices and ensuring the longevity of essential natural resources.