The Supreme Court plays a crucial role in the system of checks and balances by interpreting the Constitution and reviewing the constitutionality of laws and executive actions. This judicial review ensures that neither the legislative nor the executive branch exceeds its authority or violates citizens' rights. By serving as a check on governmental powers, the Supreme Court helps prevent abuses, maintain rule of law, and uphold fundamental rights. Its decisions can profoundly affect public policy and societal norms, reinforcing democracy's foundational principles.