Interest groups play a crucial role in the political system by advocating for specific causes or interests, influencing policy decisions, and representing diverse perspectives. These groups mobilize resources to lobby government officials, shape public opinion, and campaign for legislative changes. By providing information and expertise, they enhance the policymaking process and can hold government accountable for its actions. Interest groups vary widely, encompassing business associations, labor unions, and environmental organizations, and they contribute to a pluralistic democracy by ensuring that various voices are heard in the political arena.