The political theory behind liberalism emphasizes individual rights, personal freedoms, and equality before the law. It advocates for a government that protects these rights while promoting free markets and democratic governance. Central tenets of liberalism include the rule of law, limited government intervention, and the protection of civil liberties. By stressing rational discourse and the importance of pluralism, liberalism aspires to create a society where diverse opinions can coexist, leading to informed decision-making and social progress. It seeks to balance individual freedom with collective responsibility in a civil society.