State surveillance has profound implications on civil liberties, including privacy, freedom of expression, and the right to dissent. Increased monitoring can deter individuals from voicing dissenting opinions or participating in political activism due to fear of repercussions. This can create an atmosphere of distrust between citizens and the government, undermining democratic values. On the other hand, proponents often argue that surveillance is necessary for national security and crime prevention. Thus, balancing security needs with civil liberties becomes a critical challenge for modern governance.