In Mesopotamian mythology, the sun god is known as Shamash. He is associated with light, justice, and truth, playing a pivotal role in maintaining order and balance in the universe. Shamash is depicted as a source of enlightenment, guiding both mortals and deities in their decisions. His importance is reflected in various myths, where he symbolizes the triumph of goodness and morality, making him central to the culture's understanding of law and righteousness.