The Muses are nine goddesses in Greek mythology who represent various forms of art and science. Each Muse is responsible for inspiring a different creative aspect, such as calligraphy, music, dance, and history. Their names include Calliope (epic poetry), Clio (history), Erato (lyric poetry), and Polyhymnia (sacred poetry). Invoking the Muses was common for ancient poets and artists, who sought divine inspiration for their work.