Abraham Lincoln is the historical figure famously recognized for his role in the American Civil War and the abolition of slavery in the United States. Serving as the 16th president from 1861 until his assassination in 1865, Lincoln's leadership during the Civil War was pivotal in maintaining the Union. His issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 declared the freedom of slaves in rebellious states, making slavery a central issue in the conflict. Lincoln's dedication to equality and his efforts to establish a new birth of freedom are celebrated in American history, and he remains an enduring symbol of justice and civil rights.