The famous trial in 1925 that debated the teaching of evolution in American schools is known as the Scopes Monkey Trial. This legal case centered around John T. Scopes, a teacher in Tennessee who was accused of violating the Butler Act, which prohibited the teaching of evolution in public schools. The trial attracted nationwide attention, pitting religious fundamentalism against modern science. Prominent figures like Clarence Darrow defended Scopes, while William Jennings Bryan represented the prosecution. The trial represented a cultural clash in America, highlighting tensions between traditional beliefs and progressive ideas regarding science and education. Although Scopes was convicted, the trial sparked significant public debate about academic freedom and science education.