The ancient civilization known for their advanced knowledge of engineering is the Romans. Their engineering feats included the construction of extensive road networks, aqueducts, and monumental structures such as the Colosseum and the Pantheon. The Romans excelled in using concrete, which allowed them to build resilient and innovative architecture that has lasted for centuries. Their mastery of arches and vaults revolutionized building techniques and urban planning. Roman engineering not only served military and commercial needs but also greatly influenced architecture and civil engineering practices in subsequent civilizations, laying a foundation for modern engineering principles.