The 'One Child' policy in China, implemented in 1979 and formally phased out in 2015, led to several significant consequences. Designed to control population growth, it resulted in a demographic imbalance, with a higher male-to-female ratio due to a cultural preference for sons. This imbalance has created social challenges, including a projected shortage of women and increased trafficking. Additionally, the aging population has placed pressure on the workforce and social services as fewer young people support a growing elderly demographic. The policy also spurred economic and social changes, despite some intended economic benefits, leading to debates about human rights and reproductive freedoms.