The Code of Hammurabi, established around 1754 BCE in ancient Babylon, is considered one of the earliest and most complete written legal codes. It consists of 282 laws that cover various aspects of daily life, including commerce, property, family, and criminal justice. Its significance lies in the concept of justice being publicly codified, which promoted the idea of a rule of law rather than arbitrary rule. This code also introduced the principle of "an eye for an eye," establishing a form of retributive justice that influenced future legal systems. Thus, the Code of Hammurabi laid foundational principles for governance and legal practice.