The primary motivation behind the Partition of India in 1947 was the demand for separate nation-states for Hindus and Muslims, driven largely by religious and political differences. As British rule weakened after World War II, tensions between the Indian National Congress, primarily Hindu, and the All-India Muslim League, led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, intensified. The demand for Pakistan emerged from fears of marginalization among Muslims in a Hindu-majority India. The partition resulted in the creation of India and Pakistan and triggered mass violence, displacement, and communal riots, with profound and lasting impacts on both nations.