The primary function of the Great Wall of China was to serve as a protective barrier against invasions and raids from nomadic groups and military incursions, particularly during the various dynastic periods. Constructed primarily during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), the wall spans thousands of miles across northern China. Besides military defense, the wall also facilitated border control, trade regulation, and the imposition of duties on goods transported along the Silk Road. It symbolizes China's historical efforts to protect its territories and maintain stability.