The revolutionary movement that led to the rise of communism in Russia was the Bolshevik Revolution, also known as the October Revolution, which took place in 1917. Led by Vladimir Lenin and the Bolshevik Party, this movement aimed to overthrow the Provisional Government established after the February Revolution earlier that year, which had attempted to create a democratic regime. The Bolsheviks capitalized on widespread discontent, promising "peace, land, and bread" to war-weary citizens. Their victory resulted in the establishment of a communist government, marking a significant turning point in Russian history, leading to the creation of the Soviet Union and influencing global politics for much of the 20th century.