The major conflict that transpired in Europe from 1914 to 1918 was World War I. Triggered by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary, the war involved many of the world's great powers divided into two main alliances: the Allies and the Central Powers. The conflict was characterized by trench warfare, massive casualties, and significant battles across Europe, including the Somme and Verdun. World War I had profound political, social, and economic consequences, leading to the collapse of empires, the redrawing of national borders, and the establishment of the League of Nations in an attempt to prevent future conflicts.