The Renaissance had a profound influence on European art, marking a shift from the medieval focus on religious themes to a celebration of humanism and the natural world. Artists began to emphasize perspective, anatomy, and proportion, leading to more realistic portrayals of subjects. Techniques like chiaroscuro and sfumato enhanced depth and mood in paintings. Notable artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo pushed boundaries, exploring themes of beauty and individuality. The use of oil paints allowed for greater detail and vibrancy. Overall, the Renaissance fostered a spirit of innovation that transformed artistic expression and set the foundation for modern art.