The Hundred Years War, fought between England and France from 1337 to 1453, had profound impacts on both nations. In England, the war fostered a strong sense of national identity and unity, ultimately contributing to the rise of parliamentary power at the expense of monarchical authority. On the French side, the war fueled patriotism and culminated in the emergence of strong centralized royal authority, particularly under Charles VII. The conflict also spurred military innovations and changes in warfare tactics. Additionally, the war resulted in significant economic strain and social upheaval, influencing both countries' future trajectories.