The impact of economic changes during the Great Depression was significant, characterized by widespread unemployment, poverty, and social upheaval. The collapse of the stock market in 1929 triggered a financial crisis, leading to bank failures and a drastic reduction in international trade. Millions lost their jobs, and many families faced dire circumstances, prompting widespread migration and changes in societal structures. Governments responded with relief programs and welfare initiatives. The New Deal in the U.S. sought to provide recovery and reform, ultimately reshaping the relationship between citizens and their government, and laying the groundwork for future economic policies.