The historical significance of the War of 1812 lies in its role in shaping the United States' national identity and affirming its independence. Fought between the U.S. and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815, the conflict arose from key issues, including British restrictions on American trade and the impressment of American sailors. The war fostered a sense of nationalism, particularly following the successful defense of Fort McHenry, which inspired "The Star-Spangled Banner." Additionally, the war contributed to the demise of the Federalist Party, as their opposition to the conflict was unpopular, and promoted westward expansion as the nation aimed for self-reliance.