The revolution that took place in Russia in 1917 is known as the October Revolution, part of the larger Russian Revolution. This event saw the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrow the Provisional Government, which had been established after the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II earlier that year. The Bolsheviks aimed to establish a socialist state based on Marxist principles, leading to the creation of the Soviet Union in 1922. The revolution marked a significant shift in global politics, as it inspired various socialist and communist movements worldwide and ultimately set the stage for the Cold War.