The end of the Romantic period in literature is often marked by the emergence of Realism and Naturalism in the mid to late 19th century. While Romanticism focused on emotions, individualism, and the glorification of nature, these new movements emphasized objective representations of everyday life and social realities. Authors like Gustave Flaubert and Leo Tolstoy challenged the idealized portrayals of human experience and instead depicted the complexities of societal issues and human struggles. This shift reflected broader changes in society, including industrialization and urbanization, ultimately paving the way for modern literary movements that continue to explore the intricacies of human existence.