The significance of the Nuremberg Trials after World War II lies in their role in establishing accountability for war crimes and crimes against humanity. Conducted from 1945 to 1946, these trials held key Nazi leaders accountable for their actions during the Holocaust and the war. The trials were groundbreaking, as they set a precedent for international law and justice, emphasizing that individuals, including heads of state, could be held liable for their actions. The Nuremberg Trials also highlighted the importance of human rights and the principle that following orders is not a legitimate defense for committing atrocities.