The ancient city known for its advanced agricultural techniques was Babylon, located in present-day Iraq. Emerging around 1894 BC, Babylon became a prominent center of agriculture and trade, utilizing advanced irrigation systems that allowed farmers to maximize crop production in the arid Mesopotamian climate. The Babylonians cultivated various crops, including barley and wheat, and developed sophisticated methods such as crop rotation and the use of fertilizers. Their agricultural practices were a key component of their economy, supporting a growing population and ultimately shaping the civilization's cultural and scientific advancements.