The Renaissance primarily took place during the 14th to the 17th centuries, marking a cultural revival in Europe that emphasized art, literature, philosophy, and the rediscovery of classical antiquity. Originating in Italy, the Renaissance saw a shift from medieval values to a focus on humanism, individualism, and the exploration of the natural world. Notable figures emerged during this era, including artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, and thinkers such as Niccolò Machiavelli. This vibrant period laid the foundations for modern science, art, and political thought, profoundly influencing subsequent generations and shaping Western civilization.