For muscle building, the primary nutritional components to prioritize are protein, healthy fats, and complex carbohydrates. Adequate intake of protein is crucial for muscle repair and growth, with sources like lean meats, fish, and legumes. Healthy fats from sources like avocados and nuts support overall health and hormone production, while complex carbohydrates provide energy for workouts. Additionally, staying properly hydrated and timing nutrient intake around workouts can enhance muscle-building efforts and maximize recovery.