Body composition refers to the proportion of fat and lean mass in the body, which significantly impacts physical performance. Athletes with lower body fat percentages and higher lean muscle mass generally perform better across various sports. A favorable body composition can enhance speed, strength, and endurance, while excess body fat may impede athletic performance. Understanding body composition helps individuals tailor their training and nutrition to optimize performance and achieve specific fitness goals. Thus, maintaining a healthy balance between fat and muscle mass is crucial for athletes and fitness enthusiasts alike.