Several factors contribute to the risk of developing osteoporosis, including age, gender, hormone levels, and lifestyle choices. Women are at a higher risk, especially post-menopause, due to decreased estrogen levels essential for bone density maintenance. Inadequate intake of calcium and vitamins D and K can also hinder bone health. Additionally, lack of weight-bearing exercise and smoking, along with excessive alcohol consumption, further increase risk. Understanding these factors can help in adopting preventive measures, including diet and exercise, to maintain optimal bone health over time.